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Will Iran’s strikes on Gulf smelters strengthen China’s aluminium trade?

The world is bracing for an aluminium supply shock after two major Middle Eastern smelters were damaged in Iranian attacks over the weekend, a disruption…

By Samantha Johnson / March 30, 2026
The world is bracing for an aluminium supply shock after two major Middle Eastern smelters were damaged in Iranian attacks over the weekend, a disruption likely to push more production to China in the near term and potentially for years to come, analysts said.

Emirates Global Aluminium (EGA), a leading regional producer, reported “significant damage” at its Abu Dhabi site following strikes by Iranian missiles and drones, while Aluminium Bahrain said it was assessing the extent of damage at its facility, where two employees were injured.

Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) said it targeted the two facilities on Saturday in retaliation for attacks on two Iranian steel plants, claiming they had ties to US military and aeronautics firms.

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The two smelters account for a combined 3.9 per cent of global aluminium production capacity, according to a Monday research note issued by China International Capital Corporation (CICC).

“The affected capacity represents a significant share, and any shutdown could lead to a pronounced supply-side contraction in the short term,” the note’s authors said, adding the impact could be long-lasting as “severe damage to production capacity might take years to restore”.

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Safety concerns could further curb output in the Middle East, as aluminium smelting requires extremely high levels of operational continuity. Attacks increase the risk of unplanned shutdowns, power outages and disruptions to raw material supplies, raising the likelihood of plant closures or reduced operations, the note’s authors said.

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